El Nino-Southern Oscillation is At Least 250 Million Years Old, New Study Suggests

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation, which is characterized by irregular alternations between anomalously warm (El Niño) and cold (La Niña) conditions, was present at least 250 million years in the past, and was often of greater magnitude, according to a new modeling study.

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation, originating in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific, is a defining mode of interannual climate variability with profound impact on global climate and ecosystems. Image credit: Li et al., doi: 10.1073/pnas.2404758121.

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